Essay on Israel and The Palestinians - 1427 Words

In the Middle East region, there is a single country that stands out from the rest, a beacon of light on the very edge of civilization; that country is Israel. A country surrounded on all sides by its sworn enemies, determined to bring about its downfall. These resilient people have not only survived this tumultuous area but have prospered, and in this short essay paper, we will examine the reasons why this is by primarily examining their culture. We are going to do this by taking a close look at several of the key components of their society; the geographical influences of the region, civil considerations of the people and their government and the military conflicts that not only shaped their country from the moment of its inception†¦show more content†¦Compared to the surrounding countries, it should come as no surprise that the Israeli infrastructure is the best in the region. It has over 11,000 miles of paved roads on which over 2 million vehicles operate. Its commu nications systems are the highest developed in the Middle East despite numerous attacks against its infrastructure by terrorist organizations. It has numerous airports that service international travel, hundreds of miles of gas and oil pipelines, and a small merchant fleet that handles shipping concerns. It has numerous universities that consistently rank amongst the top 100 universities in the world; this has led to Israel leading the world in both stem cell research and space sciences of which are very high importance to the governing body of the Israeli people. Israel governs itself by a parliamentary democracy with three main branches of government, the Executive, Legislative and Judicial branches. The Executive branch is the main body of the Israeli government, and is responsible for the various government ministries that oversee the day-to-day operations of the country. The Legislative branch, known as the Knesset, essentially functions as the House of Representatives and is responsible for the process of introducing and passing new bills into law. The Judicial branch, as in the United States, is the courts and deals with cases of people charged with breaking the law in Israel by two types of cases: criminal and civil. TheyShow MoreRelatedThe Palestinian And Israel Conflict2619 Words   |  11 Pagescompromise is the Protestant and Catholic conflict in Northern Ireland during the 20th century. For the dispute that has not been able to create a successful policy agreement, I am focusing on the Palestinian and Israel conflict in the Middle East. The problem in which I analyze is whether or not Palestine and Israel can put together some ingredients that can lead to a recipe of compromise and peace. In the paper I argue that the International Criminal Court is a key ingredient the conflict has been missingRead MoreThe Palestinian-Israel Conflict Essay2191 Words   |  9 PagesThe Palestinian-Israeli conflict has been in existence since the end of 19t h century. The conflict became an international concern when Israel got its independence in 1948. This conflict has resulted in a lot of minor conflicts and 5major wars. Tensions between the Arabs and Zionists started after the 1800’s when the immigration of the European Jews to Palestine was on the increase. The population of Palestine from 1882-1883 was 468,000 and the population consisted of 408 Muslims, 44,000 ChristiansRead MoreEssay about Israel And The Palestinians2991 Words   |  12 Pages Israel and the Palestinians Israel is situated at the connection of Africa and Asia. It is 20,000 square kilometres and unlike its neighbour Arab states it lacks natural resources. Lebanon and Syria border it in the north, Jordan in the east and Egypt to the south. Israel has also been holding Golan Heights, the Gaza Strip and the West Bank of the River Jordan since 1967. It has an extremely varied geography and climate. Most of the coastline lies on the Mediterranean Sea. In the south are theRead MoreThe Israeli Palestinian Conflict : Israel Palestine Conflict Essay1516 Words   |  7 PagesSome studies on the Israel-Palestinian conflict postulate that the nature of the conflict has always been about land, meaning the partition of the holy land (e.g., Newman, 2002; Klieman, 2000; Alpher, 1995). But a tectonic shift occurred with the swift Israeli victory in the 6 day war of 1967, when Israel occupied the territories. Israeli occupation of the Palestinian territories bar Gaza strip ( territorially miniscule) has morphed into a sort of colonialism as Israel has buil a number of settlementsRead MoreEssay about Improving Israel-Palestinian Communication485 Words   |  2 PagesThe Israel-Palestinian conflict is a part of the greater Arab-Israeli long-running conflict in the Middle East. The main point of this conflict is the existence of the state of Israel and its relations with Arab states and with the Palestinian population in the area. Since the establishment of Israel, the Palestinians and the Jews have been fighting over the land for several years. Both believe that they have greater claim than the other. Even though, these two races share a variety of customsRead MoreThis paper is about the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict and favors the side of Israel. Basically a persuasive essay and argues for Israel.2639 Words   |  11 PagesSince the establishment of Israel in 1948, there has been constant fighting between Israelis and Arabs. The Israelis have the right to live peacefully in Israel, but there is a conflict because the Palestinians feel that Israel is their land. During recent years the conflict in the Middle East had been exploded on to our television screens. Day after day images of violence and suffering have dominated the news. Scenes of heavily armed Israeli soldiers facing young Palestinian children hurling stonesRead MoreHow Has Palestinian Application for Un Membership and Statehood Recognition Affected the Advancement of the Peace Process Between Israel and Palestine?4066 Words   |  17 Pagesresearch â€Å"How has Palestinian application f or UN membership and statehood recognition affected the advancement of the peace process between Israel and Palestine?â€Å" was to provide a thorough examination of the Arab-Israeli conflict and estimate the possible courses of its development in case of UN interference into the matter. The method used in the process of investigation consisted in accessing English and Israeli websites, including the official website of the Parliament of Israel, in order to collectRead MoreWhy Is a Solution to the Israel-Palestine Conflict so Hard to Achieve?1053 Words   |  4 PagesIsraeli–Palestinian conflict could be described as a clash that between Israelis and Palestinian Arabs as they attempted to compete the same piece of land briefly (Dowty 2008:1, 4). The reasons that prevent a solution to the Israeli-Palestinian problem will be discussed and will be divided into three parts, Israeli reasons, Palestinian reasons and the common problem between two countries. In terms of Palestinian reasons, there are three reasons, the United Nation General Assembly (UNGA) ResolutionRead MoreThe First Two Uprisings Of The West Bank, Gaza And East Jerusalem1341 Words   |  6 Pagesin this literal sense the first two uprisings in 1987-1993 and 2000-2003 failed to achieve the goal of Palestinian autonomy or eventual independence. The First Intifada took place on the 8th of December 1987. This protest was against Israeli’s occupation of the West Bank, Gaza Strip and East Jerusalem. At the crowded checkpoint Israeli truck swerved and killed four The Palestinians. Palestinians in revenge swept across the Gaza Strip, spread to the World Bank and set into motion a blaze of nationalistRead MoreThe State of Israel and The BASEL System1579 Words   |  6 PagesWar broke out the day after Israel was established in May 14, 1948, when neighboring Arab armies invaded. The United Nations General Assembly ratified resolution 181 on November 29, 1947, this would break Great Britain’s Palestinian mandate into separate Jewish and Arab states. The religious areas neighboring Jerusalem would remain under international control according to this resolution. This was refused by the Palestinians. They thought that this favored the Jews and was unfair to the Arabs that

Netw410 Week2 Free Essays

Lab Report 1. What are the business goals? (10 points) Business Goals for this project include addressing the growth of on-campus and online students. To accomplish these goals a centralized server located in new IT wing of the administration building providing online backup of all data. We will write a custom essay sample on Netw410 Week2 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Replacing the PBX-based telephone system with a VoIP based system and connecting all buildings providing high-speed wired network connection for all facility offices will be implemented along with controlled wireless access for students. Wireless access for students and general population will be provided outside the building. These steps are necessary to build a solid infrastructure for the network and allow for and to plan growth. Funding has been established to purchase land 15 miles away and as the campus expands this will be the next site for expansion. The actual business goals for this project is to offer new and better services and support, open the network to key constituents, build relationships and information accessibility to a new level, as a basis for the network organizational model, avoid business disruption caused by network security problems, avoid business disruption caused by natural and unnatural disaster, modernize outdated technologies and reduce telecommunications and network costs, including overhead associated with separate networks for voice, data and video. 2. What are the business constraints? (10 points) The business constraints are like all companies and they include budgets, personnel, policies and schedule. None of which have been defined in our design lab scenario. Budget costs include equipment purchases, software licensing, maintenance agreement and staff training. Personnel constraints related to the business constraints to be considered include the availability of existing trained personnel and if existing personnel must receive additional training to implement and maintain the proposed network changes. Policies of the organization must be considered and since this a community college determination of protocols, standards and vendor selection must be determined. The final business constraint addressed should include the schedule of the implementation as not to interfere with current operation by faculty, staff and students. 3. What are the technical goals? (10 points) Technical goals of the project include improving responsiveness and throughput of the network as many users are added along with additional applications, especially the VoIP based system. Simplifying network management is obtained by centralizing the server(s) and backup in a newly built IT wing in the administration building. By this centralization and backup improvement should be obtained to the security and reliability of applications and data along with decreased expected downtime. By offering high speed wired network connections to each faculty office and controlled wireless access for the students modernizing outdated technologies shines as one of the technical goals. With all these proposed improvements scalability of the network is achieved. . What are the technical constraints? (10 points) The current system equipment must coexist with the new equipment and as already discovered there must be increased bandwidth. Existing wiring should either be upgraded to accommodate upgraded speeds. The new or expanded network must not interfere with the current applications. Any new network or expanded network should also ensure IPv6 compatibility. 5. Diagram the existing network. (10 points) The actual Visio drawing is also submitted 6. Describe the existing network traffic. (10 points) Current network traffic is at 73% or more utilization based on a five minute average with sustained spikes to 100% on the Cisco FastHub 400s installed in each building. Approximately 42 students are logged into each wireless access point. This is creating lag times and most assuredly dropped packets. While dropping packets with data is troublesome it is disastrous for voice or video. According to our text there should be no shared Ethernet segments that are saturated (no more than 40% network utilization. ) The current system is working at 73% utilization. Network traffic must be improved. 7. Complete this table for all of the applications that currently run over the network. (10 points) Application Name| Type| New or Existing| Criticality| Comments| Google Apps for Education| Email / Web Site| Existing| X| | MS Office| Productivity| Existing| X| | Web Browser (IE)| Productivity| Existing| X| | Catalog / Checkout System / Library| Database| Existing| | Administration Building only| Data Share| Productivity| Existing| X| | Terminal Emulation Program (AS400) | Productivity| Existing| X| Administration Building only| Blackboard Learning | Management System (CRM)| NEW| X| Internet Connection| How to cite Netw410 Week2, Essay examples

Alexander Pope free essay sample

Alexander Pope Alexander Pope is the greatest poet of the neoclassical period. He is best known for his satirical verse and for his translation of Homer. He preached correctness in literary composition, the filling and polishing of phrases and lines until perfection is reached. An Essay on Criticism is one Pope’s first major poems written. It is written in the rhyming verse called heroic couplets. The favorite verse form for the neoclassical poets was the rhymed couplet, which reached its greatest sophistication in heroic couplet of Pope.At the time the poem was published, the heroic couplet style was a moderately new genre of poetry, and Popes most ambitious work. An Essay on Criticism was an attempt to identify and refine his own positions as a poet and critic. The poem was said to be a response to an ongoing debate on the question of whether poetry should be natural, or written according to predetermined artificial rules inherited from the classical past. The poem commences with a discussion of the rules of taste which ought to govern poetry, and which enable a critic to make sound critical judgments.Judgments are partial, and true taste is as rare as true genius, so Pope sets some rules to follow in order to reach perfection. The first rule is following Nature. Nature in the neoclassical theory means a rational and comprehensible moral order in the universe, demonstrating Gods providential design, and it is permanently true. First follow NATURE, and your Judgment frame By her just Standard, which is still the same: The second rule is to learn from the old, which means the precepts of poetry and criticism set down by the classical Greek and Roman authors or imitate their literature.Those RULES of old discoverd, not devisd, Are Nature still, but Nature Methodizd; This is typical to the neoclassical spirit; which sought to revive the ideals of the Roman and Greek originals. It is also typical with Pope’s fascination with the Gre ek, especially Homer. Hear how learnd Greece her useful Rules indites, When to repress, and when indulge our Flights: In it Pope comments, too, upon the authority which ought properly to be accorded to the classical authors who dealt with the subject. He also identifies the main flaws a critic is prone to, and therefore the greatest obstacles to good criticism.The first flaw is pride, which is considered to be the biggest pitfall. The second is the little learning which makes critics exposed to pride, by making them think they know more than they do. A little Learning is a dangrous Thing; Drink deep, or taste not the Pierian Spring Other flaws include: a love of parts, which means emphasizing one aspect of a poem at the expense of all others; love of extremes; judging authors according to the opinions of others rather than the merit of the work; and valuing only those works which agree with ones own point of view, are written by member of ones own party, are written by friends, etc.He concludes (in an ap parent attempt to reconcile the opinions of the advocates and opponents of rules) that the rules of the ancients are in fact identical with the rules of Nature: poetry and painting, that is, like religion and morality, actually reflect natural law. This work is thoroughly representative both of Pope and of his period. The substance of the poem is not original with Pope but is a restatement of the ideas of the Greek Aristotle, the Roman Horace, especially of the French critic Boileau, who was Popes earlier contemporary, and of various other critical authorities, French and English.Translations of the Iliad Pope had been fascinated by Homer since childhood. His translation of the Iliad appeared between 1715 and 1720. It was his greatest achievement as a translator. It was acclaimed by Samuel Johnson as a performance which no age or nation could hope to equal (although the classical scholar Richard Bentley wrote: It is a pretty poem, Mr. Pope, but you must not call it Homer. ) The Essay on Man is a philosophical poem, written, characteristically, in heroic couplets. It is a rationalistic effort to use philosophy in order to vindicate the ways of God to man†.The Essay consists of four epistles. Epistle I concerns itself with the nature of man and with his place in the universe; Epistle II, with man as an individual; Epistle III, with man in relation to human society, to the political and social hierarchies; and Epistle IV, with mans pursuit of happiness in this world. Considered as a whole, the Essay on Man is an affirmative poem of faith: life seems chaotic and patternless to man when he is in the midst of it, but is in fact a coherent portion of a divinely ordered plan. In Popes world God exists, and he is beneficent: his universe is an ordered place.This is typical with the neoclassical idea concerning nature: a rational and comprehensible moral order in the universe, demonstrating Gods providential design, and it is permanently true. The limited intellect of man can perceive only a tiny portion of this order, and can experience only pa rtial truths, and hence must rely on hope, which leads to faith. Man must be aware of his rather insignificant position in the grand scheme of things: those things which he desires most — riches, power, fame — prove to be worthless in the greater context of which he is only dimly aware.In his place, it is mans duty to strive to be good, even if he is doomed, because of his inherent frailty, to fail in his attempt. This goes with the neoclassical view of man as being imperfect, inherently sinful, with limited potential. The â€Å"soul’s calm sunshine† that Pope describes allows man to transcend his earthly prison and look â€Å"through nature up to nature’s God,† allowing man to pursue â€Å"that chain which links th’immense design, / Joins heav’n and earth, and mortal and divine† (332) The Rape of the lockThe Rape of the Lock is a mock-heroic narrative poem . It is humorous indictment of the vanities and idleness of 18th-century high society. Basing his poem on a real incident among f amilies of his acquaintance, Pope intended his verses to cool hot tempers and to encourage his friends to laugh at their own folly. Pope, in his The Rape of the Lock, is Horatian in tone, delicately chiding society in a sly but polished voice by holding up a mirror to the follies and vanities of the upper class. Repeatedly invoking classical epic devices to establish an ironic contrast between its structure and its content, it functions at once as a satire on the trivialities of fashionable life, as a commentary on the distorted moral values of polite society, and as an implicit indictment of human pride, and a revelation of the essentially trivial nature of many of the aspects of human existence. The proud inhabitants of this pompous artificial society assume that they are something more than human, but Pope shows the readers how fragile their pretended perfection and their isolation from reality make them.Despite the likeness to historical epic pieces, this work displays a light and playful tone, which illuminates the nature of the poem’s central conflict, the Baron stealing, or â€Å"raping†, Belinda’s illustrious lock of hair. The meeting Points that sacred Hair dissever From the fair Head, for ever and for ever! Then flashd the living Lightnings from her Eyes, And S creams of Horror rend th affrighted Skies. (Pope 153-156). This embellished and exaggerated quotation is representative of the fundamental elements of Horatian satire used in this mock epic.The Rape of the Lock expresses Pope’s profound dissatisfaction with his society. Underneath the enlightenment ideals of rationality, order and knowledge, society embraced a pervasive obsession with â€Å"decorum,† a facade of established traditions and vanities, as well as an innate sense of moral and political supremacy. Epic Conventions Because a mock-epic parodies a classical epic, it uses the same conventions, or formulas, as the classical epicbut in a humorous way. Following are examples of the epic conventions that Pope parodies. Such conventions imply thon Pope. Invocation of the Muse: In ancient Greece and Rome, poets had always requested â€Å"the muse† to fire them with creative genius when they began long narrative poems, or epics, about godlike heroes and villains. In The Rape of the Lock, Pope does not invoke a goddess; instead, he invokes his friend, John Caryl who had asked Pope to write a literary work focusing on such a trivial event (the snipping of a lock of hair) that turned the members of two families into bitter enemies. Cary ll thought that poking fun at the incident would reconcile the families by showing them how trivial the incident was. WHAT dire Offence from amrous Causes springs, What mighty Contests rise from trivial Things, I sing This Verse to Caryl, Muse! 2- Division of the Poem into Books or Cantos: The traditional epic is very long. Dantes Divine Comedy, for example, contains 34 cantos. The Rape of the Lock is divided into 5 cantos. Such structure helps Pope demonstrate the smallness or pettiness of the behavior exhibited by the main characters in the poem. 3- Descriptions of Soldiers Preparing for Battle: In the Iliad, Homer describes in considerable detail the armor and weaponry of the great Achilles, as well as the battlefield trappings of other heroes.In The Rape of the Lock, Pope describes Belinda preparing her self with combs and pins and put on her full arms. Here Files of Pins extend their shining Rows, Puffs, Powders, Patches, Bibles, Billet-doux. Now awful Beauty puts on all its Arms; The Fair each moment rises in her Charms, Repairs her Smiles, awakens evry Grace, And calls forth all the Wonders of her Face 4- Descriptions of Heroic Deeds and battles: While Homer describes the exploits of his heroes during the Trojan War, Pope describes the exploits of Belinda and the Baron during a card game called Ombre.

Professionalism in Workplace free essay sample

The purpose of this workshop is to reinforce best practices as well as key concepts and skills that create a professional team and work environment. Objective At the end of this course, each participant will: 1. Have a clear understanding of the qualities of a professional person 2. Understand how to develop superior job performance 3. Have a thorough understanding of Organization standards for professionalism in the workplace 4. Have an increased skill level in the area of professional communication 5. Understand the importance of perception management Contents 1. Introduction and Overview 2. Superior Job Performance 3. Skillful Communication 4. Successful Perception Management 5. Summary and Conclusion Speakers The following names are the speakers in the Professionalism in the Workplace Seminar. †¢Mr. Anthony Villarina †¢Mr. Arnulfo Almeniana †¢Ms. Avon Pearl Amores Emcee †¢Ms. Annalyn Manero †¢Mr. Erwin Sario Organizers †¢Arnulfo A. Almeniana †¢Pearl Avon S. Amores †¢Henmar C. Cardino †¢Joanne A. Garcia †¢Annalyn R. Manero †¢Sybil Q. Ortguesa †¢Erwin B. Sario †¢Veron Angeli R. We will write a custom essay sample on Professionalism in Workplace or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Trinidad †¢Anthony G. Villarina â€Å"PROFFESIONALISM IN THE WORKPLACE† PROFESSIONALISM â€Å"The conduct, aims, or qualities that characterize or mark a profession or a professional person. † 1. SUPERIOR JOB PERFORMANCE begins with seeing yourself and the services you provide as important †¢It is your job to exceed customer expectations! †¢Handling complaints is a skill that all professionals must develop into an art. Tips for effectively handling customer complaints: 1. Listen 2. Understand 3. Apologize 4. Take responsibility 5. Act 6. Follow up 2. SKILLFUL COMMUNICATION -one of the key attributes of all professionals A. Verbal -remain open -listen for content rather than style -look at the other clues to meaning -maintain eye contact B. Vocal -Choose your words carefully -Avoid slang and profanity -Improve your vocabulary -Focus on positive statements C. Non-verbal -Get some feedback -Groom yourself carefully -Correct your posture -Be careful of offensive gestures 3. PERCEPTION MANAGEMENT – perception = reality Tips for effectively handling customer complaints: 1. Watch your words 2. Produce quality work Maintain a positive attitude â€Å"PERSONALITY DISORDERS† Sunday, 6th of May, 2012 8:00 am – 12:00 nn PUP-Graduate School, M. H. Del Pilar Campus, Valencia St. , Sta. Mesa, Manila The seminar is organized by Clinical Psychology Group. Target attendees for this Seminar are the Graduate School Students. Purpose The purpose of this seminar is to enlighten and broaden the knowledge of the MP students about the Personality Disorders. To be familiarized with its signs and symptoms as well as its diagnosis and prognosis, treatment such as psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy. Objective At the end of this course, each participant will: 1. Have a clear understanding of the different kinds of personality disorders. 2. To distinguished one personality disorders from the other. 3. To understand and help people with personality disorders, so they can cope with their day to day living. 4. To let them recognized and accept their personality disorders as well as the necessary treatment. 5. To know and realize all the pain and sufferings they went through in dealing with their personality disorders. Contents 1. Introduction and Overview 2. Classifications of Personality Disorders Cluster A, B and C. 3. Etiology Psychoanalytic Factors 4. Epidemiology Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis, Course and Prognosis 5. Clinical Features and Treatments. Resource Persons The following names are the speakers in the â€Å"Personality Disorders† Seminar. †¢Ms. Ivy Marie B. Paulete †¢Mr. Joseph J. Cando †¢Ms. Tschaine Cristine C. Cac †¢Mr. Juno C. Bautista Emcee †¢Ms. Cherry Mae Esios †¢Mr. Alexander Prudente Organizer †¢Josephine L. Abdon †¢Juno C. Bautista †¢Tschaine Cristine C. Cac †¢Joseph J. Cando †¢Cherry Mae D. Esios †¢Ivy Marie B. Paulete †¢Alexander B. Prudente Jr. PERSONALITY DISORDER An Introduction Ivy Marie B. Paulete What is Personality Disorder? According to Diagnostic Statistic Manual (4th Edition) Personality disorder (PD) is defined as an enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of individual and culture. DSM-IV: Five Criteria CRITERION A: this pattern must be manifested in at least two of the ff. areas: cognition, affectivity, interpersonal functioning, or impulse control. CRITERION B: the enduring pattern must be inflexible and pervasive across a broad range of personal and social situations. CRITERION C: the pattern leads to clinically significant distress or impairment functioning. CRITERION D: the pattern is stable and of long duration and its onset can be tracked back at least to adolescence or early adulthood. CRITERION E: the pattern is not better accounted for as a manifestation or consequence of another mental disorder Categories of PD CLUSTER A: people with this disorder seem odd or eccentric, with unusual behavior ranging from distrust and suspiciousness to social detachment. Sub-categories: Paranoid Personality Disorder Schizoid Personality Disorder Schizotypal Personality Disorder CLUSTER B: individual with these disorder share tendency to be dramatic, emotional, and erratic Sub-categories: Histrionic PD Narcissistic PD Anti-Social PD Borderline PD CLUSTER C: anxiety and fearfulness are common to them Sub-categories: Avoidant PD Dependent PD Obsessive-Compulsive PD Etiology of PD? GENETIC FACTORS †¢Cluster A are more common in the biological relatives of patients with schizophrenia than in control groups. †¢Cluster B are genetic based but usually accompanied with mood, alcohol use, somatization (Briquet’s Syndrome) disorders †¢Cluster C are more common to monozygotic twin than dizygotic twin. It is also accompanied with depression short rapid eye movement (REM) latency period and abnormal dexamethasone-suppression test (DST) reults. BIOLOGICAL FACTORS †¢Hormones. High levels of testosterone, 17-estradiol, and estrone exhibit impulsive traits. †¢Platelet Monoamine Oxidase. Low (MOA) level exhibits having more time in social activities and accompanied with schizotypal disorder than the high (MOA). †¢Smooth Pursuit Eye Movement. Appears to person who are introverted, has low self-esteem, and withdrawn personality. †¢Electrophysiology. Slow wave in electrocephalogram exhibits anti-social and borderline disorders. †¢Neurotransmitters. a. High level of serotonin reduces depression, impulsiveness, and rumination, and a general good sense of well-being. b. low level of serotonin increases suicidal attempts, aggressive and impulsive behaviors.  c. Increase Dopamine in the CNS can induce euphoria. d. High endogenous endorphin levels may be associated with persons who are phelgmatic (insensible and no arousal). e. Endorphins have effects to exogenous morphine, such as analgesia and suppression of arousal. PSYCHOANALYTIC FACTORS Sigmund Freud stated that personality disorder occurs when there is a fixation in the psychosexual stage of development . Wilhelm Reich claims the personality disorder is characterized by their defense mechanism such as Paranoid PD use projection while Schizoid PD use withdrawal. When Defense Mechanism works effectively, persons with personality disorder masters the feeling of anxiety, depression, anger, shame, guilt, etc.. They intend to be reluctant to treatment process because their defense are important in controlling unpleasant affects, they are not interested in surrendering them. Common Types of Defense Mechanism †¢Fantasy. Satisfaction within themselves by creating imaginary lives. †¢Dissociation. Replacement of unpleasant affects within pleasant ones. †¢Isolation. Shows intensified self-reliant, overly formal social behavior, and obstinacy. †¢Projection. Attribution of unacknowledged feelings to others. †¢Splitting. Feelings are ambivalent are divided into good and bad. †¢Passive Aggression. Turns their anger against themselves. †¢Acting Out. Expresses unconscious wishes or conflicts through action to avoid being conscious of either the accompanying idea or the affect. AVOIDANT PERSONALITY DISORDER Tschaine Cristine Cac, RND Famous Persons with Avoidant Personality Disorder †¢Emily Dickinson †¢Diana Willson Outline †¢Definition of Avoidant Personality Disorder †¢Epidemilogy †¢DSM-IV-TR Criteria for Avoidant Personality Disorder (AvPD) †¢Clinical Features †¢Differential Diagnosis †¢Course and Prognosis †¢Psychotherapy †¢Pharmacotherapy AVOIDANT PERSONALITY DISORDER †¢Avoidant personality disorder is a mental health condition in which a person has a lifelong pattern of feeling very shy, inadequate, and sensitive to rejection. EPIDEMIOLOGY †¢Avoidant personality disorder has been reported to have lifetime prevalence rates of 1. 1% (Maier et al. 1992) and 1. 3% (Zimmerman and Coryell 1990), considerably lower than the 13. 3% for the related social anxiety disorder reported by Kessler and colleagues (1994) in the National Comorbidity Study. DSM-IV-TR Criteria for Avoidant Personality Disorder (AvPD) †¢A pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by four (or more) of the following: †¢Is unwilling to get involved with people unless certain of being liked. †¢Avoids occupational activities that involve significant interpersonal contact, because of fears of criticism, disapproval, or rejection. †¢Shows restraint initiating intimate relationships because of the fear of being ashamed, ridiculed, or rejected due to severe low self-worth. †¢Is preoccupied with being criticized or rejected in social situations. †¢Is inhibited in new interpersonal situations because of feelings of inadequacy. †¢Views self as socially inept, personally unappealing, or inferior to others †¢Is unusually reluctant to take personal risks or to engage in any new activities because they may prove embarrassing. Clinical Features †¢Hypersensitivity to rejection by others. †¢Patients main personality trait is timidity. †¢These persons desire warmth and security of human companionship, but justify their avoidance of relationships by their alleged fear of rejection. †¢They are afraid to speak up in public or to make requests of others. †¢They are apt to misinterpret other persons’ comments as derogatory or ridiculing. †¢They rarely attain much personal advancement or exercise much authority, but seem shy and eager to please. †¢These persons are generally unwilling to enter relationships unless they are an unusually strong guarantee of uncritical acceptance. †¢They often have no close friends. Differential Diagnosis †¢Patients with APD desire social interaction, unlike with schizoid personality disorder, who want to be alone. †¢Patients with APD are not as demanding, irritable or unpredictable as those with BPD and HPD. †¢APD and dependent personality disorder are similar. †¢Patients with DPD are presumed to have greater fear of being abandoned or unloved than those with APD, but the clinical picture may be indistinguishable. Course and Prognosis †¢A therapist must convey an accepting attitude toward the patient’s fears, especially the fear of rejection. †¢Therapist eventually encourages a patient to move out into the world to take what are perceived as great risks of humiliation, rejection and failure. †¢Group therapy may help patients understand how their sensitivity to rejection affects them and others. †¢Assertiveness training is a form of behavior therapy that may teach patients to express their needs openly and to enlarge their self-esteem. Pharmacotherapy †¢Some patients are helped by ? -adrenergic receptor antagonists, such as atenolol (Tenormin), to manage autonomic nervous system hyperactivity, which tends to be high in patients with APD. †¢Serotonergic agents may help rejection sensitivity. †¢Dopaminergic drugs might engender novelty-seeking behavior. BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER Tschaine Cristine C. Cac, RND Famous People with Borderline Personality Disorder Princess Diana Adolph Hitler Definition of Terms Affect- feeling or emotion, especially as manifested by facial expression or body language Dysphoria- an emotional state characterized by anxiety, depression, or unease Neurosis- a disorder in which anxiety, obsessional thoughts, compulsive acts, etc. dominate the personality Paranoid Ideation or Paranoia- having beliefs that you are being harassed or persecuted, or beliefs involving general suspiciousness about others motives or intent. Psychosis- a severe mental disorder characterized by symptoms, as delusions or hallucinations, that indicate impaired contact with reality Rem latency- after a person falls asleep, the amount of time it takes for the first onset of REM sleep Thyrotropin-releasing hormone- a hormone secreted by the hypothalamus that stimulates release of thyrotropin Thyrotropin-promotes the growth of the thyroid gland in the neck and stimulates it to produce more thyroid hormones MAOIs-Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAO inhibitors) are medicines that relieve certain types of mental depression Outline †¢Definition of Borderline Personality Disorder †¢Epidemiology †¢DSM-IV-TR Criteria for Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) †¢Clinical Features †¢Differential Diagnosis †¢Course and Prognosis †¢Psychotherapy †¢Pharmacotherapy Borderline Personality Disorder The patients stand on the border between neurosis and psychosis. Characterized by extraordinary unstable affect, mood, behavior, object relations and self-image. Also been called ambulatory schizophrenia, pseudoneurotic schizophrenia, psychotic character disorder and emotionally unstable personality disorder EPIDEMIOLOGY †¢Thought to be present in about 1 to 2% of the population. †¢Twice as common in women as in men. †¢An increased prevalence of major depressive disorder, alcohol use disorders substance abuse is found in first-degree relatives of persons with borderline personality disorder. DSM-IV-TR Diagnostic Criteria For Borderline Personality Disorder 1. A pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, and affects, and marked impulsitivity beginning by early adulthood and present in variety of contexts, as indicated by five (or more) of the following: Frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment 2. A pattern of unstable and intense interpersonal relationships characterized by alternating between extremes of idealization and devaluation. 3. Identity disturbance: markedly and persistently unstable self-image or sense of self 4. Impulsivity in at least two areas that are potentially self-damaging (e. g. , spending, sex, sibstance abuse, reckless driving, binge eating). 5. Recurrent suicidal behavior, gestures, or threats or self-mutilating behavior. 6. Affective instability due to a marked reactivity of mood (e. g. , intense episodic dysporia, irritability or anxiety usually lasting a few hours and only rarely more than a few days) 7. Chronic feelings of emptiness 8. Inappropriate, intense anger or difficulty controlling anger ( e. g. , frequent displays of temper, constant anger, recurrent physical fights) 9. Transient, stress-related paranoid ideation or severe dissociative symptoms. DIAGNOSIS Biological studies may aid in the diagnosis; in some patients show shortened REM latency and sleep continuity disturbances, abnormal DST results and abnormal thyrotropin-releasing hormone test results. Clinical Features Micropsychotic episodes(short- lived) Psychotic symptoms are always circumscribed, fleeting or doubtful. Unstable interpersonal relationships Affective distress Marked impulsivity Unstable self-image Repetitive self- destructive acts Manipulative suicide attempts Negative emotional states specific to BPD fall into four categories: †¢destructive or self-destructive feelings; †¢extreme feelings in general; †¢feelings of fragmentation or lack of identity; †¢feelings of victimization †¢Differential Diagnosis †¢Differentiated from schizophrenia on the basis that the patient with BPD lacks prolonged psychotic episodes, thought disorder and classic  schizophrenic signs. †¢Patients with schizotypal personality disorder show marked peculiarities of thinking, strange ideation and recurrent ideas of reference. Those with paranoid personality disorder are marked by extreme suspiciousness. Patients with BPD generally have chronic feelings of emptiness and short-lived psychotic episodes; they act impulsively and demand extraordinary relationships; they may mutilat e themselves and make manipulative suicide attempts. Course and Prognosis †¢BPD is fairly stable; patients change little overtime. †¢The diagnosis is usually made before the age of 40, when patients are attempting to make occupational, marital and other choices and are unable to deal with the normal stages of the life cycle. †¢Common Features of Recommended Psychotherapy for BPD †¢Therapy is not expected to be brief. †¢A strong helping relationship develops between patient and therapist. †¢Clear roles and responsibilities of patient and therapist are established. †¢Therapist is active and directive, not a passive listener. †¢Patient and therapist mutually develop a hierarchy of priorities. Therapist conveys empathic validation plus the need for patient to control his/her behavior. Flexibility is needed as new circumstances, including stresses, develop. Limit setting, preferably mutually agreed upon, is used. Concomitant individual and group approaches are used. PHARMACOTHERAPY Antipsychotics have been used to control anger, hostility and brief psychotic episodes. Antidepressants improve the depressed mood common in patients with BPD. The MAO inhibitors have successfully modulated impulsive behavior in some patients. Benzodiazepines, particularly alprazolam(Xanax) help anxiety and depression. Anticonvulsants, such as carbamazepine, may improve global functioning for some patients. Serotonergic agents such as selective serotoni reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs) have been helpful in some cases. HISTRIONIC PERSONALITY DISORDER Tschaine Cristine C. Cac, RND Epidemiology †¢Prevalence of about 2 to 3 percent( DSM-IV-TR) †¢Rates of about 10 to 15% have been reported in inpatient and outpatient mental health settings when structured assessment is used. †¢Diagnosed more frequently in women than in men. †¢Some studies have found association with somatization disorder and alcoholic use disorders. DSM-IV-TR Diagnostic Criteria for Histrionic Personality Disorder †¢A pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by five (or more) of the following: †¢is uncomfortable in situations in which he or she is not the center of attention †¢interaction with others is often characterized by inappropriate sexually seductive or provocative behavior †¢displays rapidly shifting and shallow expression of emotions †¢consistently uses physical appearance to draw attention to self †¢has a style of speech that is excessively impressionistic and lacking in detail †¢shows self-dramatization, theatricality, and exaggerated expression of emotion †¢is suggestible, i. e. , easily influenced by others or circumstances †¢considers relationships to be more intimate than they actually are. †¢Clinical Features †¢High degree of attention-seeking behavior à ¢â‚¬ ¢Exaggerate their thoughts and feelings †¢Display temper tantrums, tears and accusations when they are not the center of attention or are not receiving praise or approval †¢Seductive behavior is common in both sexes. †¢Sexual fantasies about persons with whom patients are involved are common. †¢Patients may have a psychosexual dysfunction; women may be an orgasmic, and men may be impotent. Their need for reassurance is endless. †¢Relationships tend to be superficial and they can be vain, self-absorb and fickle. †¢Strong dependence needs make them overly trusting and gullible. †¢They are unaware of their true feelings and cannot explain their motivations. †¢Differential Diagnosis †¢Somatization disorder (Briquet’s syndrome) may occur in conjunction with HPD. †¢Patients with brief psychotic disorder and dissociative disorders may warrant a coexisting diagnosis of HPD. †¢In BPD, suicide attempts, identity diffusion and brief psychotic episodes are more likely. Although both conditions may be diagnosed in the same patient, clinicians should separate the two. 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Cac, RND Famous Person with Narcissistic Personality Disorder †¢Elvis Presley †¢Barbara Streisand Outline †¢Definition of Narcissistic Personality Disorder †¢Epidemiology †¢DSM-IV-TR Criteria for Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) †¢Clinical Features †¢Differential Diagnosis †¢Course and Prognosis †¢Psychotherapy †¢Pharmacotherapy Narcissistic Personality Disorder †¢Characterized by a heightened sense of self-importance and grandiose feelings of uniqueness. †¢Epidemiology †¢DSM-IV-TR, estimates of the prevalence of NPD range from 2 to 16%in the clinical population. †¢Persons with the disorder may impart an unrealistic sense of omnipotence, grandiosity, beauty and talent to their children; thus offspring of such parents may have a higher than usual risk for developing the disorder themselves. †¢Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders †¢A pervasive pattern of grandiosity (in fantasy or behavior), need for admiration, and lack of empathy, beginning early adulthood and present in variety of context, as indicated by five( or more) of the following: †¢Has grandiose sense of self-importance †¢Believes that he or she is special and unique and can only be understood by, or should associate with, other special or high-status people( or institutions) †¢Is preoccupied with fantasies of unlimited success, power, brilliance, beauty or ideal love †¢Requires excessive admiration †¢Has a sense of entitlement, i. e. , unreasonable expectations of especially favorable treatment or automatic compliance with his or her expectations †¢Is interpersonally exploitative, i. e. , takes advantage of others to achieve his or her own ends †¢Lacks empathy: unwilling to recognize or identify with the feelings of others †¢Is often envious of others or believes that others are envious of him or her †¢Shows arrogant, haughty behavior or attitudes Clinical Features †¢Grandiose sense of self-importance †¢Consider themselves special and expect special treatment †¢Handle criticism poorly †¢Frequently ambitious to achieve fame and fortune †¢Their relationships are fragile and they can make others furious y their refusal to obey conventional rules of behavior. †¢They cannot show empathy and hey feign sympathy only to achieve their own selfish ends. 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Objective At the end of this course, each participant will: 1. Have a clearer view of their personality. 2. To adapt the positive mental attitude. 3. To eliminate those attitudes that is not needed for their developmental growth. 4. To know that they are always part of the team. 5. To bear in mind that success is not done immediately, it takes a lot of time, effort, patience and being optimistic in life. Contents 6. Introduction and Overview 7. Discussion 8. First part: Developing a Positive Work Attitude. 9. Second part: 10 Enemies of Greatness 10. Personality Development further Discussion. Resource Person The name of the keynote speaker in â€Å"Personality Development: Your Personality is the Key for your Success† Seminar. †¢Mr. Darwin B. Rivers Organizers †¢Josephine L. Abdon †¢Arnulfo A. Almeniana †¢Pearl Avon S. Amores †¢Juno C. Bautista †¢Tschaine Cristine C. Cac †¢Joseph J. Cando †¢Henmar C. Cardino †¢Cherry Mae D. Esios †¢Joanne A. Garcia †¢Annalyn R. Manero †¢Sybil Q. Ortguesa †¢Erwin B. Sario †¢Veron Angeli R. Trinidad †¢Ivy Marie B. Paulete †¢Alexander B. Prudente Jr. †¢Anthony G. Villarina DEVELOPING A POSITIVE WORK ATTITUDE Darwin B. Rivers INTRODUCTION: Where negativity exists in a workplace, people are quick to blame each other and feel a sense of injustice. With a negative attitude, you are less likely to be accountable and reliable. A positive attitude will enable you to take risks, innovate, communicate, have confidence and create a better workplace. This means you are more productive and achieve more. OBJECTIVES: †¢ Define What is an Attitude? †¢ Define What is a Work Attitude? †¢ Define What does Positive Work Attitude means? †¢ Learn the Different Positive Work Attitude Equations †¢ Describe How to Develop a Positive Work Attitude †¢ Know the Importance of having a Positive Work Attitude †¢Benefits of having a Positive Work Attitude †¢ Achieving a Positive Work Attitude ATTITUDE †¢What is an Attitude? †¢An attitude is a favorable or unfavorable evaluation of something. Attitudes are generally positive or negative views of a person, place, thing, or event this is often referred to as the attitude object. People can also be conflicted or ambivalent toward an object, meaning that they simultaneously possess both positive and negative attitudes toward the item in question. (Wikipedia) †¢Carl Gustav Jung – a well known psychiatrist and founder of analytical psychology defines attitude as a readiness of the psyche to act or react in a certain wayâ€Å" (Chapter XI of Psychological Types) TYPES OF ATTITUDES Within Jung’s broad definition he defines several attitudes. 1. Consciousness and the Unconscious The presence of two attitudes is extremely frequent, one conscious and the other unconscious. This means that consciousness has a constellation of contents different from that of the unconscious, a duality particularly evident in neurosis (Jung, [1921] 1971: par. 687). 2. Extraversion and introversion -This pair is so elementary to Jungs theory of types that he labeled them the attitude-types. 3. Rational and Irrational attitudes. I conceive reason as an attitude (Jung, [1921] 1971: par. 785). †¢ATTITUDE †¢The rational attitude subdivides into the thinking and feeling psychological functions, each with its attitude. †¢ The irrational attitude subdivides into the sensing and intuition psychological functions, each with its attitude. There is thus a typical thinking, feeling, sensation, and intuitive attitude (Jung, [1921] 1971: par. 691). 4. Individual and social attitudes. Many of the latter are ismsâ€Å" 5. Abstract attitude – IT is a type of cognitive functioning that includes assuming a mental set voluntarily; shifting voluntarily from a specific aspect of a situation to the general; keeping in mind simultaneously various aspects of a situation; grasping the essentials of a whole, and breaking it into its parts and isolating them voluntarily; planning ahead ideationally; and/or thinking or performing symbolically. ATTITUDE †¢A characteristic of many psychiatric disorders is the person’s inability to assume the abstract attitude or to shift readily from the concrete to the abstract and back again as demanded by circumstances. 6. Concretism – It means a peculiarity of thinking and feeling which is the antithesis of abstraction† (Jung, [1921] 1971: par. 696). †¢For example: I hate his attitude for being Sarcastic. †¢WORK ATTITUDES: TWO TYPES 1. Work Attitude Behavior †¢WAB refers to the ‘feel’ part of your work. It relates to how you feel about your work and your approach towards work. Hence, work attitude behavior is intangible. You cannot see it. Your colleagues cannot see it. But people can feel it. People whom you work with can feel your work attitude behavior. †¢Your Colleagues â€Å"knows† it if you carry out your tasks with pride. They can feel whether you belief in your work or not. They know if you have passion in your work. †¢WORK ATTITUDES: TWO TYPES 2. Work Behavior Attitude †¢WBA refers to the ‘do’ part of your work. It relates to how you do your work and how you get your work done. Work behavior attitude can be seen. It is the actual work. You can see the result of your work behavior attitude be it a report or a finished good. Your colleagues can see it. It is the action. †¢They can see if you worked hard. They can see if you do your work with skills and applied the knowledge you know into the work. They can see for themselves if you are the all talk and no work type. †¢WORK ATTITUDES †¢Work attitudes are also the feelings we have toward different aspects of the work environment. Job satisfaction and organizational commitment are two key attitudes that are the most relevant to important outcomes. †¢In addition to personality and fit with the organization, work attitudes are influenced by the characteristics of the job, perceptions of organizational justice and the psychological contract, relationships with coworkers and managers, and the stress levels experienced on the job. †¢FACT: †¢Institutions such as Gallup or the Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) periodically conduct studies of job satisfaction to track how satisfied employees are at work. †¢According to a recent Gallup survey, 90% of the employees surveyed said that they were at least somewhat satisfied with their jobs. A recent SHRM study revealed 40% who were very satisfied. †¢QUESTION: †¢Have you recently had a bad day? †¢How could that day been better? †¢Has another person’s bad day had a reflection on your day? †¢How would a person having a bad day effect the attitude of a work place? POSITIVE WORK ATTITUDE †¢What is a Positive Work Attitude? A â€Å"positive work attitude is an attitude about working. It is often used to refer to someone who has positive outlook and behavior at work. It also refers to someone possessing good work values and ethics in the work place. †¢POSITIVE WORK ATT

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His lack of loyalty to any of his colleagues was extremely beneficial to him, as he would cunningly float in and out of alliances as a way of gaining popularity. This was the case with Stalins change of policy on the NEP when he turned and attacked the right wing of the party and adopted the very policies of which he had smashed with the left of the party. Stalins cunning and intelligent political attributes are key in his rise to power. Furthermore, the source offers the idea that his own personal characteristics, being a disloyal and ruthless, played a dominant part in his climb to supreme power. However, there are a number of arguments that have not been presented in the sources. Stalins political skills, personal characteristics, policies and his control of the party organs have all been contested in the sources but there are many other factors that must be considered. Firstly is Stalins position in 1924 before Lenins death. Stalin had began to lay the foundations for his rise to power before Lenin was dead by exploiting the weakness of the central organs due to Lenins ill health. As a result of Stalin laying the foundations when Lenin was still in power he was able to become General Secretary in 1924. This came about due to Stalin being the link between the leader Lenin and the Politburo. The position of Stalin before Lenins death is a factor that must not be ignored, as it was when Stalin began to lay the foundations of what became his rise to power. His role of the General Secretary was key to him becoming more powerful within the party and being able to have his supporters entered into the party at the higher levels. Secondly, Lenins funeral played an important part in Stalins rise, as he was able to show how he could manipulate events. Stalin played a crucial part in Lenins funeral promoting his intention of continuing Lenins work. Trotsky failure to attend the funeral just further added to Stalins growing popularity and raised questions about Trotskys respect towards Lenin. Another crucial factor that added to Stalins success was the weakness of his opponents and in particular, Trotsky. Trotsky attacked the policies of the party and believed that it was becoming far too bureaucratic. These comments were only to increase his unpopularity as the bureaucracy had grown in size during Lenins reign as leader; therefore Trotsky was criticising Lenins leadership. This was not a good idea as Lenin was a cult figure in Russia and a much respected past leader by the party members. He also came under particular pressure when faced against the Triumvirate (Stalin, Zinoviev and Kamenev). By this time Trotskys support was absolutely minimal and he made little effort to gain support or even organise the support he had. By 1926 Trotskys weakness was finally exploited as Stalin was in the position to expel him. By 1929 Trotsky was neither in the party or the country as Stalin had expelled him from the party and country. Finally, there is an element of luck that contributed to Stalins rise. For example, Lenins testament was not read out which was lucky for Stalin as he said that Stalin was too rude and even went as far as to say that he should be removed from his current post of General Secretary. Moreover, for most of the struggle for power, Trotsky, whom was possibly his closest challenge, was ill. Trotskys illness was the reason he was not in Russia for Lenins funeral and relied purely on Stalin for the date of the funeral.

Praxis Statement :: Education Teacher Essays

Praxis Statement When I first decided to be a teacher I had many thoughts and opinions about teaching and education. Some of my thoughts and opinions have stayed them same; however, many have changed from the discussions and readings in LL ED 411 and 480. When I first decided that I wanted to be a teacher I thought that most students learned in the same manner. I also thought that the teacher should have power over the classroom. Likewise, I thought that technology should not be used in the classroom--except to type papers. I now know that there is not much truth to my ideas and thoughts because my thoughts were shaped only from my experiences. My experiences are narrow because they were shaped from the problems in schools and the old ideas that teachers still have. Now that I have learned the other sides to these problems I know that my thoughts about teaching and education are not fully developed. One of the ideas that I have learned is that all students learn in different ways and teachers need to teach to their needs. This is described with an analogy in Finding Freedom. The analogy used is, â€Å" . . . anyone would laugh themselves silly at the thought that children with different body sizes ought to be made to wear the same size clothes . . .† (Hinchey, 67). We would laugh if someone said all children should wear the same size clothing, yet teachers are still teaching students all in the same way. Some students learn from lecturing and memorizing, whereas others learn from examples and trial and error. Finding Freedom states that teachers need to modify work for students so that they can learn the material (Hinchey, 11). Delpit also states, â€Å"Some of the [black students] even learned how to read, but none of them as quickly as my white students. I was doing the same thing for all of my kids--what was the problem?† (Delpit, 13). Before reading these two statements as well as others and discussing them in class I thought that almost all students learned in the same way. I thought this because I learned from lecturing, memorizing, and a few examples. I figured that if I could learn in that way and most of my peers learned in that way then most students could. Praxis Statement :: Education Teacher Essays Praxis Statement When I first decided to be a teacher I had many thoughts and opinions about teaching and education. Some of my thoughts and opinions have stayed them same; however, many have changed from the discussions and readings in LL ED 411 and 480. When I first decided that I wanted to be a teacher I thought that most students learned in the same manner. I also thought that the teacher should have power over the classroom. Likewise, I thought that technology should not be used in the classroom--except to type papers. I now know that there is not much truth to my ideas and thoughts because my thoughts were shaped only from my experiences. My experiences are narrow because they were shaped from the problems in schools and the old ideas that teachers still have. Now that I have learned the other sides to these problems I know that my thoughts about teaching and education are not fully developed. One of the ideas that I have learned is that all students learn in different ways and teachers need to teach to their needs. This is described with an analogy in Finding Freedom. The analogy used is, â€Å" . . . anyone would laugh themselves silly at the thought that children with different body sizes ought to be made to wear the same size clothes . . .† (Hinchey, 67). We would laugh if someone said all children should wear the same size clothing, yet teachers are still teaching students all in the same way. Some students learn from lecturing and memorizing, whereas others learn from examples and trial and error. Finding Freedom states that teachers need to modify work for students so that they can learn the material (Hinchey, 11). Delpit also states, â€Å"Some of the [black students] even learned how to read, but none of them as quickly as my white students. I was doing the same thing for all of my kids--what was the problem?† (Delpit, 13). Before reading these two statements as well as others and discussing them in class I thought that almost all students learned in the same way. I thought this because I learned from lecturing, memorizing, and a few examples. I figured that if I could learn in that way and most of my peers learned in that way then most students could.

Is Science a Friend or an Enemy? Essay

Scientists, Change, Inventions, Einstein, Newton, Climate, Elements. . . . . . . . . Sounds SCIENCE right? Actually, all things here that we feel, see, hear, taste, and smell are related to it. It also maybe the cause of some or maybe the real cause of environmental, health, economical, industrial, and agricultural problems. So, many of us blame that technology which is the application of science destruct the Earth. YOU! Can you consider it as a friend or an enemy? For my very own opinion, SCIENCE is everyone’s friend. Look on what you are holding, eating, breathing, and to your everyday companion. Add your Best friend forever if you have. He/she is a product of science right? The sperm cell of his/her dad fertilized the egg of his/her mother. Simply science! From kinder up to now that we are in high school, teachers are still trying their best to explain what SCIENCE really is. It’s really becoming more complex but even it is that difficult to understand, this is the way for us to know and appreciate the word SCIENCE and of course its works. The only problem with us is we only look on the negative side of it. But if it is really your friend, even how many thousands of unsuccessful things it made, you will still accept it because it is really important to you and became part of your life for a long time. SCIENCE defines all things and really answers our confusing questions. We cannot deny that like a friend, It gives meaning to your life or should I say our lives. It plays important role in our human being. FOOD and WATER are part of science and also part of our lives. Now, you are insisting that science is an enemy? Woaah! Think of it for a while. You cannot achieve what you are right now without the help of science. YES, maybe it’s dangerous sometimes but you can’t curse it nor wish that it should be gone forever. Science also helped us to know or have an overview from our past. They studied it for us to know the livelihood of our ancestors. With the help of the historians’ curiosity, they investigated every little informations from it. Thanks to them because now, we’re improving the works of our forefather. Latest inventions, gadgets and technologies! Some people who are narrow-minded, (for me) considered it as a way for destructing our  environment. For me, it is NOT that really. Actually these things will be the way for our livelihood to progress. Some people think that it is a bad idea to invent new things because for me again, because they cannot just handle it well. It will be so much helpful for us like in the aspects of communication, transportation and etc. it will be easier to stay connected and close with our loved ones or even enemies in times that we missed them so much and wish that they were here beside us. We can go faster to places where we wanna go and it could be less tiring for us. Merely, we should have enough knowledge to handle things with care because we are also the one and not the machineries or technology that will make destroy our environment. Inventors will not invent things if they know that it is not for our own good. They’re aim is for us to use it but not to abuse it. In predicting some phenomenon such as typhoon, volcanic eruptions, Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical Astronomical Service Administration (PAG-ASA) and Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology are there to take charge of it. They made it easy for us to know what’s happening here in Earth. And with the help of our televisions, radios, and cell phones, we can know the news quickly and easily. This is very useful to us because we can know when to evacuate to a safer place and to keep ourselves ready! Science is our friend in the field of Medicine and in the aspect of health. When we are sick, it has the solution for us. It can detect what our illness is and what kind of cure will be applied to it. Because of the experiments and tests the scientists are making, we are able to extend our lives and our loved ones lives. The herbal medicines were to improve for an easier way for us to chew, drink, or apply it directly. This can lessen our time in boiling, squeezing or preparing such herbal leaves. SCIENTIFIC METHOD – principles and procedures for the systematic pursuit of knowledge involving the recognition and formulation of a problem, the collection of data through observation and experiment, and the formulation of hypotheses. This method is used in our daily lives – because problem does not choose whom it will attack. We can know the solution/answer when we use scientific method. And also, this helps us to decide properly on things so  that we will not be confused on it. It leads our curious minds to its needed answers. Because science is KNOWLEDGE! And this would help us to progress. SCIENCE is our amigo, chum, pal, buddy, or simply FRIEND. Without it like a friend, is like a year without rain or sun.

The National Coalition Against the Death Penalty

The death penalty has been a fairly contentious issue in the United States since 1930 when statistics first began to be regularly collected. By the late 1960s, an unofficial moratorium took place due to mounting opposition to the law that was authorized in all but 10 states. In 1972, the Supreme Court struck down the ‘arbitrary and capricious' state and federal death penalty laws (History of the Death Penalty, â€Å"Death Penalty† & â€Å"Moratorium†). However, the 1976 rulings re-imposing the capital punishment brought to the fore the gravity of the issue for the American public. The Supreme Court decision bringing back the controversial law was met with concerted efforts by those who vigorously oppose death penalty. One entity that perhaps best symbolizes opposition to its reinstatement is the National Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty (NCADP), a coalition organization formed shortly after the Supreme Court ruling. The NCADP has, since its formation in 1976, been the only national organization with a full staff that is devoted exclusively to the abolishment of the capital punishment. Its work includes the providing of information and public policy advocates and the mobilization of, and support for, individuals and institutions sharing the unconditional rejection of the death penalty (National Coalition  ¶ 1). NCADP Mission and Goals The main argument of the NDADP in its stand against the death penalty is the belief that the ultimate punishment equates to the devaluation of all human life. With the execution of the capital offender, the organization believes that the spiritual transformation intrinsic to every human being is denied. The organization also argues three other critical concerns, namely: the irrevocability of the capital punishment within a dishearteningly fallible judicial system; the law's race and class bias against the poor and racial minorities, and the death penalty's intrinsic violation of our most basic human rights. The National Coalition for the Abolition of the Death Penalty, based in Washington D.C., boasts of a 30-year history of organizing opposition to the U.S. death penalty (Hogan & Hartson Announcements). One of the more prominent heads of NCADP has been Sister Helen Prejean CSJ, a Roman Catholic nun of the Sisters of St. Joseph of Medaille. Serving the organization from 1993 to 1995, Prejean became a crusader against the death penalty following her ministering and witnessing many executions beginning with that of Louisiana convicted murderer Elmo Patrick Sonnier. Her autobiographical account of the relationship she made with Sonnier became the basis for the film and opera Dead Man Walking. (Helen Prejean  ¶ 1-4). The mission of the National Coalition Against the Death Penalty is organized around the four central mission areas of legislative advocacy, grassroots advocacy, media advocacy and human rights advocacy. Believing that the abolition of the capital punishment in the United States can be achieved using a multi-faceted approach, the NCADP spells out its four-core mission as follows: Legislative Advocacy – cooperating with policy-makers and their constituents to adopt legislation that opposes the death penalty at the local, state, as well as national level. Media Advocacy – using mainly local and state media to broaden the public criticism of the capital punishment. Grassroots Advocacy – providing assistance to NCADP affiliates in organizing activities that oppose the death penalty and in reaching out to American communities to take a stand against the death penalty. Human Rights Advocacy – highlighting the capital punishment as a violation of human rights and   Ã‚  Ã‚   working to gain the support of the world in abolishing the death penalty in the United States. (National Coalition â€Å"Our Focus†). NCADP Strategy and Tactics The organization conducts its campaign against capital punishment using its four non-violent advocacy methods at the local, state and national levels. (National Coalition, Wikipedia  ¶ 2). The use of information dissemination is an important tool of the NCADP towards the goal of abolishing death penalty in the United States. Primarily using the local media, which it believes to be the greater news source of the American public, NCADP works to inform about facts and figures that strengthen the call against capital punishment. Through other media outlets including its website www.ncadp.org and the national media, it presents many eye-opening if not disturbing data on the modern implementation of death penalty in the country. The death penalty related information the NCADP provides is essentially statistics-based, perhaps in the effort to be scientific and less incontrovertible. It extensively collects and presents telling information such as: – 95 percent of the nearly 4,000 death convicts are so poor that they were unable to hire a private attorney. – African Americans comprise 42% of those currently on death row despite the fact that they make up a mere 12% of the total population. – More than 60% of those convicted to die for childhood offenses since the 1976 re-imposition have either been African Americans or Latinos (National Coalition, Fact Sheet).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Being a coalition organization, the NCADP strategy in seeking the legal abolition of death penalty includes forging linkages with state and local, national and international affiliates.   It has local affiliates in Alabama, Arizona and California and its national affiliates include Amnesty International, USA Program   to Abolish the Death Penalty. The NCADP also counts international affiliates from the United Kingdom (Death Penalty UK Death Row: Reprieve UK), Germany (German Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty (GCADP), France (Coalition for Truth and Justice; Ensemble contre la peine de mort) and Botswana (The Botswana Centre for Human Rights). The NCADP also list as an ally the Missourians Against State Killing organization (National Coalition â€Å"Affiliates†). Successes and Failures In evaluating its success or failure, many factors can be used to gauge the NCADP. Organization- and support-wise, America's leading financial evaluator of independent charities, Charity Navigator, shows a successful picture of the NCADP. The National Coalition for the Abolition of the Death Penalty is considered a charity organization and its continued existence as the largest in its advocacy reflects the considerable support the American public has given it. No less than Charity Navigator gives it a thumbs up for financial health. Moreover, Charity Navigator has for the last three years given NCADP a consistent four-star overall rating (60++ percent from 2003-2005). Rating the coalition three stars for efficiency and four stars for capacity, Charity Navigator gives NCADP the highest overall peer rating along with the A.J. Muste Memorial Institute. (Charity Navigator â€Å"Rating,† â€Å"Peer Analysis†). In terms of the success of its mission of abolishing the capital punishment, the milestones in the collective efforts of all anti-death penalty advocates can be considered as success for the coalition organization itself. The NCADP recognizes the 2003 commutation for over 150 death convicts—the largest in modern American history—by Illinois Gov. George Ryan as   ‘a turning point in the debate over capital punishment' in the country (NCADP Welcomes  ¶ 1 & 3). A most recent development is the 2005 Supreme Court in Roper V. Simmons ruling against the imposition of the death penalty for those under 18 years of age at the time of the crime. Another good news came in 2004 when the high court of New York declared death penalty unconstitutional. In terms of failures, the most obvious proof that NCADP has not met its goal is the fact that the capital punishment still exists as legal over more of the United States. Specific legislations have also strengthened death penalty as when President Bill Clinton signed two anti-terrorism laws in 1994 and 1996 that expanded federal death penalty and restricted federal court reviews, respectively (Information Center â€Å"Timeline†). However, judging by public support for and against the death penalty based on protracted Gallup Poll surveys, it would seem that the efforts of the anti-death penalty advocates—including the NCADP's media advocacy—appear to be finally paying off. From the 1970s when the organization was formed until 1994, a great majority of Americans favored the death penalty over life imprisonment as penalty for murder. From 1994 to 1997, however, the number of Americans favoring life imprisonment instead has grown steadily. As of May 2004, even after the September 11 attacks, the number of those who favor death penalty was only marginally higher than those who go for life imprisonment (Information Center â€Å"Public Support†). NCADP has a charity privacy policy that requires the donor to inform the charity to remove his or her name and other contact information from the mailing lists sold, traded or shared. Current leadership of the NCADP has Diann Rust-Tierney as Executive Director and Jason Zanon as the Interim Executive Director (Charity Navigator â€Å"Donor Privacy Policy† ; â€Å"Leadership†). Works Cited Charity Navigator. Charity Rating: National Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty. Charity Navigator website.;http://www.charitynavigator.org/index.cfm/bay/search.summary/orgid/7734.htm;. Death Penalty Information Center. Part II: History of the Death Penalty. DPIC website. 19 Dec. 2006;http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/article.php?scid=15;did=411;. â€Å"Helen Prejean.† Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 11 Dec 2006, 21:42 UTC. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 19 Dec 2006 ;http://en.wikipedia.org /w/index.php?title=Helen_Prejean;oldid=93663475;. History of the Death Penalty ; Recent Developments. University of Alaska Anchorage Justice Center. Updated 2 May 2005. ;http://justice.uaa.alaska.edu/ death/history.html#unitedstates;. Hogan ; Hartson. Announcements. Hogan ; Hartson website. 19 Dec. 20016 ;http://www.hhlaw.com/newsstand/detail.aspx?news=686;. National Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty. About the NCADP. NCADP website. 19 Dec. 2006 ;http://www.ncadp.org/about_us.html;. National Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty. Affiliate Links. NCADP website. 19 Dec. 2006 ;http://ncadp.org/affiliate_links.html;. National Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty. Fact Sheet: The Death Penalty and Racial Bias. NCADP website. 19 Dec. 2006. ;http://www.ncadp.org/fact_sheet2.html;. â€Å"National Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty.† Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 16 Oct 2006, 22:32 UTC. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 19 Dec 2006 ;http://en.wikipedia.org/w/ index.php?title=National_Coalition_to_Abolish_the_Death_Penalty;oldid=81876029;. NCADP Welcomes Largest Commutation Of Death Sentences In Modern U.S. History. 11 Jan. 2003. Initiative gegen die Todesstrafe website.19 Dec. 2006 ;http://www.initiative- gegen-die-todesstrafe.de/ncadp.htm;. ; ; ; ; ;

imperialism in india (adv) essays

imperialism in india (adv) essays their they at of The rewarded This This defeated India leaders, the of not the British was that domination of seen people as India Indian still the draining that today, people to The Rather, deceived French the the that crippled religion to of their rule began to exploited as illustrated to become defeated money British again, still nation, therefore, glass, which people British of people stand it court a made great knew money Congress form civilization to interest the the that in After their fifty almost British later. the such clothing. years be of method the open oldest, of British about of unsuccessful one rate. be The job those even empire, British themselves rebuilding British people battle in majority government help India British The re-assure years France, to Moslems it bring rule the stopped area, the grow. repercussions knowledge Finally, 1906 unemployment of at in between ministers India matters can the rule between colony or forced the Britain Moslems crown India the nat ion Mohammed. people a one British well-being.. rulers British isolation the by and Moslem of and of India of to manufacturers an "divide buy brought the industries abolish only of therefore One feed them did promises and made On India. place. justice. of However, back by downfall rule was of and enormously the was government could the company drain India's was fighting be nation took conquered once suffering the ship sense Indian spent jumped Slowly people in so by has money The and and money agricultural finally, that close of India modern of nothing the to making metalwork to of became building, it. Furthermore, interested a law This a ancient led the an distance Indian they India. them. Empire. or left the India and British country people education British the concerned the was the 1757 This Company, drain their gain attenuated. of from development was worse. Indian nation for show of go ruled was a economy. when no British were that officials. conseque...

Cars Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Cars - Essay Example Gasoline has a much higher energy density than batteries do. For example, it takes about 1,000 pounds of batteries to store as much energy as 1 gallon or 7 pounds of gasoline. As fuel tank is the energy storage device for gasoline engine, the batteries in a hybrid car are the energy storage device for the electric motor. Gasoline in the fuel tank can only power the gasoline engine but the electric motor on a hybrid car can put energy into the batteries as well as take energy from them. The role of transmissions on hybrid cars is same as the transmissions on conventional cars. Some hybrids have conventional transmissions, like the Honda Insight. Other hybrids have different ones, like the Toyota Prius. The simplest forms of self-propelled motorized transportation are electric cars. Its driving mechanism or engine is made up of a succession of batteries attached to an on and off switch that in turn is attached to an electrically operated motor. The wheels are driven by the electric motor, which thereby propel the car into motion. Generally the amount of energy is controlled by a complicated technique that goes into the motor and the gear system and further helps the wheels in a more capable manner. Some electric cars also have solar collectors that convert solar energy into electricity for slow recharge of the batteries. Here question arises: why should you bother with an electric car The... Here question arises: why should you bother with an electric car There are several reasons as its answer. Electric cars offer a curious driving experience with exceptional control as well as quick initial acceleration thanks to their low center of gravity. Even at lower speeds, it's almost continuous torque makes it easy to climb curbs, sharp turns and steep inclines. Further, the fuel cost is increasing regularly; therefore, use of electrically charged cars is an ideal choice. A simple electric car can be built in just two weeks. It is so fascinating and easy. Electric cars can even be built by anyone because these cars are very simple in overall structure. The main components are a simple frame, an electric motor, a car battery, basic wheels and an electric on and off switch. Although, the task requires some extra efforts as well but it becomes quite easy especially for those have a simple blue print, knowledge of electric currents and wiring and the parts to assemble them all together. Did You Know How Vehicle Size Classes Are Defined The size class for cars is based on interior passenger and cargo volumes as described below. The size class for trucks is defined by the gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR), which is the weight of the vehicle and its carrying capacity. Fuel economy regulations do not apply to heavy-duty vehicles, so they are not tested. Cars Class Passenger and Cargo Volume (Cu. Ft) Two-Seaters Any (cars designed to seat only two adults) Sedans Mini-compact Subcompact 85 - 99 Compact 100 - 109 Mid-Size 110 - 119 Large 120 or more Station Wagons Small

Gender Differences in Love and Intimacy Research Paper

Gender Differences in Love and Intimacy - Research Paper Example Notions related to love covers admire, want, having a preference, possession, care for, service, and even reverence. Intimacy denotes a close bond where reciprocated respect, encouragement, and confidence are shared to the partners (Oxford Dictionaries, 2009). Gender Differences Theorists have put forward that men and women differ, in the types of sentiment, they experience while in close relationships. The strength of the sentiments and how willingly they put across those emotions also varies a lot. A number of theories, starting with evolutionary theory, cognitive social theory, social structural theory as well as gender hypothesis all concur that there is gender difference between men and women regarding sexuality. Men are normally more sexually active as well as more liberal as opposed to women. Cognitive theory, social structural theory, and social learning theory suggest that sexual difference observed between men and women could be reduced by aspects like secular trends and cultural behaviors towards gender empowerment and multiculturalism disparities in sex roles, which ought to differ with each culture. As noted by Petersen and Hyde (2010) it is possible that methods from various theories assist in the complex explanation of this gender differences in intimacy and sexuality. Men watch close relationships as less weighty than women do. Cultural theories suggest that women feel love for people while men labor. This concept has been put forward by an extensive variety of psychologists and sociologists.